Intro
A while ago I wandered into docker. These are the notes I use to manage the containers and other stuff I find usable.
Notes
A great guide for installing and using Docker
Other Docker guides
https://docker-curriculum.com/
Portainer
Portainer is very usable docker manager.
Find the install docs, requirements etc at https://documentation.portainer.io/.
Short Portainer install guide
Become root or run all commands with sudo.
# apt update
# apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian buster stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker-ce.list
# echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker-ce.list
# apt update
# apt install docker-ce
# systemctl status docker
# usermod -aG docker sorin
# docker volume create portainer_data
# docker volume ls
# docker run -d --name=Portainer --hostname=Portainer --network=host --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data -e TZ='Europe/Stockholm' portainer/portainer-ce
Upgrading to new versions # docker pull portainer/portainer-ce:latest
Run docker ps to find the old container's id
# docker ps
# docker stop <old portainer id>
# docker rm <old portainer id>
Now start the upgraded version instead # docker run -d --name=Portainer --hostname=Portainer --network=host --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data -e TZ='Europe/Stockholm' portainer/portainer-ce
When done, browse to http://serverip:9000 to confirm it works and to create your first user.
Choose Local when the instal wizard asks for the installation type.
Portainer templates repos
Some third party template repos for Portainer as well as the default one.
Copy and paste the repo url to left panel settings menu in the URL field at App Templates header.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Qballjos/portainer_templates/master/Template/template.json
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/portainer/templates/master/templates.json
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/portainer/templates/master/templates-2.0.json
Backing up docker containers, volumes etc
https://www.thegeekdiary.com/how-to-backup-and-restore-docker-containers/
https://blog.ssdnodes.com/blog/docker-backup-volumes/
Docker Compose
Your goto solution when you start creating stacks instead.
https://docs.docker.com/compose/
https://github.com/docker/compose
Creating stuff with Docker Compose
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-drupal-with-docker-compose
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-build-a-docker-compose-file/
Docker commands
Install busybox
# docker pull busybox
Run it
# docker run busybox
List containers
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a3b2c696a51d jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager:latest "/init" 4 days ago Up 30 hours 0.0.0.0:443->4443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:81->8181/tcp nginx-proxy-manager
5252b616bacc portainer/portainer-ce "/portainer" 5 days ago Up 30 hours 0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
Run a web app
# docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 --name=portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce
List used ports for a particular container
# docker port portainer
8000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8000
9000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:9000
Stop the container
# docker stop portainer
Show status inside the container
See the container ID from docker ps -a.
# docker top a3b2c696a51d
Container image managment
List container images
# docker image ls
Remove container images
# docker image rm <image ID>
Remove all container images
# docker image prune -a
Stop all containers
# docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)
Remove all containers
# docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
Run, pull and remove a container
# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:95ddb6c31407e84e91a986b004aee40975cb0bda14b5949f6faac5d2deadb4b9
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
85f5701571cf hello-world "/hello" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago ecstatic_lamarr
# docker rm 85f5701571cf
85f5701571cf
Ssh to a container
# docker exec -it MYSQL2 /bin/bash
Build a container with docker-compose
Use eg this simple script to install Nginx Proxy Manager: https://nginxproxymanager.com/#quick-setup
# cd /home/user/docker
# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 850 Feb 12 14:35 docker-compose.yml
# docker-compose build
Restart the container with changes from above build # docker-compose up -d
References
https://www.danielmartingonzalez.com/en/docker-and-portainer-in-debian/
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-use-docker-on-ubuntu-20-04
